Coral protects fishes and fishes protect coral

Coral protects fishes and fishes protect coral

If you have spent any time exploring healthy coral reefs, you will have seen clouds of small fish hovering above and then darting into branching corals as you swim past. The fish clearly benefit from the protection offered by the coral branches, retreating to cover...
Learning from the cleaners and their clients

Learning from the cleaners and their clients

On coral reefs, tiny cleaner fish and shrimps remove parasites from large fish “clients”. The cleaners obtain nourishment by eating the parasites.  Although some clients are fearsome predators, the cleaners are rarely prey.   Scientific studies of this remarkable...